The bones were found in 1983 as part of excavations at Paul Street, in central Exeter
The 16th century bones - two thighs and a wing – have been analysed by archaeologists from the University and identified as among some the first turkeys to be brought to England from America.
They were found near Paul Street before the Guildhall shopping centre was built, but never identified before.
Researchers say the turkeys were butchered and probably eaten as part of a feast by wealthy people.
Professor Alan Outram, the university's head of archaeology, said: "As the date of these bones overlaps with the historical evidence of Stickland's introduction of the birds, the remains of this feast may well represent the earliest physical evidence for a turkey dinner in Britain.
"This is an important discovery and could allow more research to be carried out about early domestic breeds and how the turkey has changed genetically since the 16th Century."
The bones, which were found in 1983 in central Exeter, are on display at the Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery in Exeter, where Spanish, German and Italian pottery and glassware from the same site are also displayed.
These items could have been on the table when the turkey dinner was served say the archaeologists.
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